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Explore this subject through analysis, opinion and professional practice.

A gravestone marked WIPO PROOF 2020–2022 beneath an autumn tree.

When Institutions Play Startup: The Cautionary Tale and Demise of WIPO PROOF

A post-mortem on why a UN agency’s commercial timestamping service collapsed after 20 months, and what it teaches the IP ecosystem about digital evidence.

Marco Barulli · 4 November 2026 · 9 min read

Two apparently identical technical documents reveal different binary contents beneath their surfaces.

In practice

Your certificate is immutable. Your files are not.

How everyday tools can change certified files without an explicit save, and why preserving the exact original matters.

Marco Barulli · 16 October 2026 · 2 min read