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Topic

Qualified electronic ledgers

Explore this subject through analysis, opinion and professional practice.

A world map contrasts a regional EU seal with an open Bitcoin evidence seal and recognition across other regions.
Opinion

EU Qualified Ledgers: A Legal Privilege No Technology Earned

The EU grants qualified ledgers a legal presumption their technology does not earn. It helps in EU courts, adds little elsewhere, and is no substitute for proof anyone can verify.

Marco Barulli · 29 October 2026 · 6 min read